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| -rw-r--r-- | chapter_16.xml | 158 |
1 files changed, 148 insertions, 10 deletions
diff --git a/chapter_16.xml b/chapter_16.xml index 3503a44..388ab96 100644 --- a/chapter_16.xml +++ b/chapter_16.xml @@ -5,15 +5,49 @@ <chapter> <title>Package Management</title> +<para> +Package management is an essential part of any Linux distribution. +Every piece of software included by Slackware, along with many +third-party tools are distributed as source code that can be compiled, +but compiling all those thousands of different applications and +libraries is tedious and time consuming. That's why many people prefer +to install pre-compiled software packages. In fact, when you installed +Slackware, the <application>setup</application> program primarily +worked by running package management tools on a list of packages. Here +we'll look at the various tools used for handling Slackware packages. +</para> + <section> <title><application>pkgtool</application></title> <para> -Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do -eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad -minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip -ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in -voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. +The simplest way to perform package maintenance tasks is to invoke +<application>pkgtool</application>(8), a menu-driven interface to some of +the other tools. <application>pkgtool</application> allows you to +install or remove packages as well as view the contents of those +packages and the list of currently installed packages in a +user-friendly ncurses interface. +</para> + +<para> +PICTURE OF PKGTOOL MAIN SCREEN. +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +FILL THIS IN!!!!!! +</para> + +<para> +<application>pkgtool</application> is a convenient and easy way to +perform the most basic tasks, but for more advanced work more flexible +tools are needed. </para> </section> @@ -22,11 +56,115 @@ voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. <title>Installing, Removing, and Upgrading Packages</title> <para> -Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do -eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad -minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip -ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in -voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. +While <application>pkgtool</application> scores points for convenience, +<application>installpkg</application>(8) is much more capable of +handling odd tasks, such as quickly installing a single package, +installing an entire disk set of packages, or scripting an install. +<application>installpkg</application> takes a list of packages to +install, and simply installs them without asking any questions. Like +all Slackware package management tools, it assumes that you know what +you're doing and doesn't pretend to be smarter than you. In its +simplest form, <application>installpkg</application> simply takes a +list of packages to install, and does exactly what you would expect. +</para> + +<screen><prompt>darkstar:~# </prompt><userinput>installpkg blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz</userinput> +Verifying package blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz. +Installing package blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz: +PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: +# blackbox (Blackbox window manager) +# +# Blackbox is that fast, light window manager you have been looking for +# without all those annoying library dependencies. +# +# Also included in this package is the bbkeys utility for controlling +# keyboard shortcut commands from within Blackbox. +# +# The Blackbox home page is http://blackboxwm.sourceforge.net +# +Package blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz installed.</screen> + +<para> +You can of course install multiple packages at a time, and in fact use +shell wild cards. The following installs all of the "N" series +packages from a mounted CD-ROM. +</para> + +<screen><prompt>darkstar:~# </prompt><userinput>installpkg /mnt/cdrom/slackware/n/*.txz</userinput> + +<para> +Removing a package is every bit as easy as installing one. As you might +expect, the command to do this is +<application>removepkg</application>(8). Simply tell it which packages +to remove, and <application>removepkg</application> will check the +contents of the package database and remove all the files and +directories for that package with one caveat. If that file is included +in multiple installed packages, it will be skipped and if a directory +has new files in it, the directory will be left in place. Because of +this, removing packages takes a good while longer than installing them. +</para> + +<screen><prompt>darkstar:~# </prompt><userinput>removepkg blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz</userinput> +</screen> + +<para> +Finally, upgrading is just as easy with (you guessed it), +<application>upgradepkg</application>(8) which first installs a new +package, then removes whatever files and directories are left-over from +the old package. One important thing to remember is that +<application>upgradepkg</application> doesn't check to see if the +previously installed package has a higher version number than the "new" +package, so it can also be used to downgrade to older versions. +</para> + + + +<screen><prompt>darkstar:~# </prompt><userinput>upgradepkg blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz</userinput> + ++============================================================================== +| Upgrading blackbox-0.65.0-x86_64-4 package using +./blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz ++============================================================================== + +Pre-installing package blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2... + +Removing package +/var/log/packages/blackbox-0.65.0-x86_64-4-upgraded-2010-02-23,16:50:51... + --> Deleting symlink /usr/share/blackbox/nls/POSIX + --> Deleting symlink /usr/share/blackbox/nls/US_ASCII + --> Deleting symlink /usr/share/blackbox/nls/de + --> Deleting symlink /usr/share/blackbox/nls/en + --> Deleting symlink /usr/share/blackbox/nls/en_GB +... +Package blackbox-0.65.0-x86_64-4 upgraded with new package +./blackbox-0.70.1-i486-2.txz.</screen> + +<para> +All of these tools have useful arguments. For example, the +<arg>--root</arg> to <application>installpkg</application> will install +packages into an arbitrary directory. The <arg>--dry-run</arg> argument +will instruct <application>upgradepkg<application> to simply tell you +what it would attempt without actually making any changes to the +system. For complete details, you should (as always) refer to the man +pages. +</para> + +</section> + +<section> +<title>Package Compression Formats</title> + +<para> +We won't go in depth into the details of package formats, but a few +words should be given here. In the past, all Slackware packages were +compressed with the <application>gzip</application>(1) compression +utility, which was a good compromise between compression speed and +size. Recently, new compression schemes have been added and the +package management tools have been upgraded to handle these. Today, +official Slackware packages are compressed with the +<application>xz</application> utility and end with .txz extensions. +Older packages (and many third party packages) still use the .tgz +extension. </para> </section> |